The emphasis (of MBO)

Development Communication Free Essays

I. Presentation Development correspondence is the utilization of correspondence to advance social turn of events. It includes an arranged change of a normal network into a powerful one. We will compose a custom paper test on Advancement Communication or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now In that capacity, a network plan is made to assist individuals with molding their urban communities, towns or towns. A people group plan is fundamental since it urges individuals to play a full and dynamic job in upholding and executing monetary and social change. In accordance with this, the creator of this paper led a network look into at Barangay 694, Malate, Manila City. Inside the exploration is generous data about the said network â€, for example, environmental elements, chronicled advancement, life exercises, complex of qualities, social gatherings, effect of the world outside, and nearby life. A proposition for a task plan was additionally made so as to help construct an aggregate vision for the occupants of Barangay 694 †explicitly, a mid year understanding system. The late spring perusing project will profit the less created offspring of Barangay 693. What's more, it will likewise create children’s possibilities to be taught and educated grown-ups. II. Network Identification Barangay 694 is situated at Malate, Manila City. A piece of District 6, it lies along Leon Guinto Street and is close to spots, for example, Taft Avenue, The Philippine Women’s University, Philippine Christian University, and the Pedro Gil and Quirino LRT stations. The previously mentioned puts additionally fill in as essential tourist spots of Barangay 694. In view of its key area close to Taft Avenue, Barangay 694 can be relevantly depicted as a white collar class region with a few houses and loft units for understudies selected at close by colleges. Also, it is effectively open by Roxas Boulevard, Quirino Avenue, and Taft Avenue. III. Biological Frame 1. Land factors Barangay 694 is situated at scope 14. 573330 and longitude120. 990860. Its directions are 14â °34’24† North and 120â °59’26† East. It has an absolute land territory of To its south is Pasay City; to its west, Manila Bay; to its north, Ermita; to its east, Paco and San Andres. 2. Atmosphere and soil As a component of Manila City, Barangay 694 highlights a tropical savanna atmosphere that verges on tropical rainstorm atmosphere. Alongside the remainder of the Philippines, Barangay 694 exists in the tropics. The temperature go is exceptionally little, seldom going lower than 20 °C (100 °F) and going higher than 38â ° (100 °F). Dampness levels are normally exceptionally high which causes the spot to feel a lot hotter. It has a particular dry season from late December to April and a generally wet season that covers the rest of the period. Storms can happen from June to September and can cause flooding in the territory. 3. Administration establishments Barangay 694 has a few assistance foundations that reacts to the residents’ needs. Its key area offers its inhabitants comfort as they need no look farther than the prompt region to approach medical clinics, instructive organizations, books, recreational regions, and government workplaces. Recorded beneath are a few foundations close Barangay 693: * HEALTH INSTITUTIONS * Ospital ng Maynila * RTM Satellite Clinic * Ruben C. Bartolome, M. D. Facility * GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS * Department of Finance * Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas * RECREATIONAL AREAS * Rizal Memorial Sports Complex * Manila Zoological and Biological Gardens * Manila Baywalk Area 5. Government The present city hall leader for the 2010 †2013 term is Alfredo Lim. In the interim, Isko Moreno is the city’s officeholder bad habit civic chairman. Two additional individuals from the Manila City Council are the Association of Barangay Captains and the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK). Barangay 694’s chosen barangay authorities have the obligation of doing the accompanying errands: (1) figuring measures to kill the utilization of unlawful medications; (2) keeping up the neatness and beautification of the zone; (3) advancing harmony and request; (4) advancing the prosperity of ladies in the network; (5) advancing youth rights; and (6) keeping up barangay-claimed properties and foundations. Recorded underneath are the at present chosen Barangay 694 authorities and brief depictions of every office position: 1. PUNONG BARANGAY or BARANGAY CHAIRMAN Name: Is the official head of Barangay 693 * Is accountable for advancement arranging, fundamental administrations and offices, consistence to orders, barangay enactment, and financial organization 2. BARANGAY SECRETARY Name: * Is at risk for all of Barangay 694’s paper works * Takes down notes during the entirety of the conversations and plans made in gatherings * Reads and re-peruses the reports he/she has mad e 3. BARANGAY TREASURER Name: * Is liable for the assets of Barangay 694 †from properties financial plan, ventures spending plans, and compensations 4. SEVEN BARANGAY COUNCILORS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. All have explicit errands doled out to them by the Barangay Chairman †Must be in the barangay corridor once per week to suit individuals going to their office once in a while SK CHAIRMAN: IV. Recorded Development 1. Beginning During the Spanish pioneer time frame, Malate was an open region with a little angling town. At the point when the Americans went to the nation following a 333-year Spanish rule, American urban organizers imagined the improvement of Malate as the most modern region for American families. Notwithstanding broad harm after World War II, numerous homes and structures endure the assault of the fight battled in the zone. Well off families who emptied their homes during the war returned. Alongside their arrival, they re-manufactured their properties and kept the territories around it only private. Among these local locations was Barangay 694. A nearby inhabitant living in the zone for very nearly fifty years related that Barangay 694 has been a local location since the post-Japanese period. Truth be told, even before Japanese colonization, a few of her progenitors have lived there. This is confirmation that Barangay 694 has been around for a long time. 2. First Inhabitants During interviews, neighborhood occupants were solicited to name some from the main occupants of Barangay 694. The general reaction was a â€Å"no†. This answer is effectively legitimate since the barangay has had such a long history and nobody could truly be sure of the principal individuals who initially occupied the territory. Notwithstanding, a few occupants know about families who had been living in the barangay for quite a while. These families are nearly considered as pioneers. All things considered, they are held in high respect. Among the notable families in the zone are the groups of Magalon, San Pedro, Sevilla, Martinez, Andres, and Reyna. Most individuals from the said families hold positions in nearby workplaces †explicitly, the Barangay Committee. This is a demonstration of the high economic wellbeing they have built up along the years. 3. Improvement The once-elite neighborhoods on the Western segment of Malate started to change into a business region during the 1970s. Land blasted with huge houses and lofts being manufactured. Organizations likewise prospered as little lodgings, eateries, and bistros were built up. During the administration of Ferdinand Marcos, visual and performing craftsmen found a safe house in Malate during the 1980s and it turned into a bohemian enclave. . Progress at present Barangay 694, alongside the remainder of Malate, is constantly changing itself as the focal point of amusement and diversion in Manila with more cafés, boutiques, bars, discos, and curiosity stores really getting started. V. Life Activities 1. Social Structure: Social status of the occupants Barangay 694 is a calm white collar class region with a few houses and lofts for understudies enlisted at close by colleges. Importantly, the region is genuinely very close. At a few network visits, the neighborhood inhabitants showed obvious commonality with the individuals who live among them. Truth be told, it tends to be said that everybody knows everybody at Barangay 694. 2. Most loved diversion and entertainment Because of very much kept up social ties, nearby inhabitants appreciate doing recreational exercises with their families, companions or neighbors. When asked what unique exercises they did during their side interest, respondents from the territory said that they preferred going to parks, playing bingo, sorting out trips, visiting close by shopping centers, and maybe, leaving town. Besides, a regular Saturday and Sunday night for inhabitants of Barangay 694 would comprise of setting off to the congregation and, a while later, observing late-night TV appears. More youthful inhabitants, then, said that they’d rather surf the Web, open their Facebook or Twitter records or play computer games. 3. Gatherings and associations The people group has just one significant association, which is the neighborhood barangay committee. Barangay 694’s chosen barangay authorities have the duty of doing the accompanying errands: (1) detailing measures to dispose of the utilization of illicit medications; (2) keeping up the tidiness and beautification of the territory; (3) advancing harmony and request; (4) advancing the prosperity of sign in the network; (5) advancing youth rights; and (6) keeping up barangay-possessed properties and foundations. VI. Complex of Values 1. Guiding principle of the network, that is, those that are commonly acknowledged in the public arena Barangay 694, being a very close network, by and large acknowledges these four basic beliefs: trustworthiness, participation, an awareness of other's expectations, and exemplary nature. These qualities are viewed as the way to making agreeable connections. Trustworthiness came in first in the rundown as most neighborhood occupants believe it to be the most significant quality one can have. A deceptive man will know and bring only trouble,† says Ronaldo Dela Cruz, 56, a long lasting Barangay 694 inhabitant. Then, collaboration is likewise an esteemed an incentive in the network. In light of its little populace, Barangay 694 anticipates its r

Our Complicated Relationship with Racism in Books

Our Complicated Relationship with Racism in Books While we at the Riot are taking this lovely summer week off to rest (translation: read by the pool/ocean/on our couches), were re-running some of our  favorite posts from the last several months. Enjoy our highlight reel, and well be back with new stuff on Wednesday, July 8th. This post originally ran June 3, 2015. _________________________ Sometimes books haunt you not because youve read them, but because you havent. The solution for this dilemma seems easy enoughwhy not get it over with and read it? But because books are books, thats not always easy. For a long time Ive never been able to entertain the idea of reading Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness. For a postcolonialism class during my first year in college, I was assigned an essay by Chinua Achebe titled An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads  Heart of Darkness. In it, Achebe systematically points out how Conrads prose depicts Africa as savage and prehistoric, to better contrast against Europes success in civilizing their environment. He quotes passages where unnamed inhabitants of the Congo are described in increasingly dehumanized ways, speaking in stereotypical broken English and explicitly called ugly. And so this essay was my very first experience of Joseph Conrad, snippets of prose that turned my stomach and filled me with unarticulated anger. The well has been poisoned, and despite being one of the shortest works in the Western Canon, Ive actively avoided reading it or any of his other works for more than ten years. My objections against reading it still stand: Why should I, a brown person living in a formerly colonized country, poison my mind further with a distorted image of other people of color and enforce within myself a colonialist vision of the world? As years came between me and my first visceral reaction to Heart of Darkness, however, my feelings about this book have become more complicated. One reason is a recent book discussion by my local book club. For March, we read Arundhati Roys The God of Small Things. The phrase the Heart of Darkness kept showing up in the prose, and the imagery of the river in the novel also seemed like an echo of the Congo River in the Conrad story. I found it very intriguing that a writer like Roy, a fierce critic of neo-colonialism, would reference this infamous book. It felt to me that she was grappling not only with Joseph Conrad, but also with Achebe. My long relationship with reading also means becoming fascinated with genres that admittedly have dubious tropes. Case in point: noir fiction, true crime, historical romance, even quaint Golden Age mysteries. Why should I blithely elide the racism in Arthur Conan Doyle or Agatha Christie (and they have some doozies) and choose Joseph Conrad as the scapegoat for every racist writing in Western literature? Another reason is the persistent feeling that this book has taken up a lot of intellectual space within me only because I havent read it. Its kind of the same feeling I got when I bailed out of Mark Z. Danielewskis The House of Leaves so many years ago. The haunting felt so present that I eventually decided to go back and scale the novel again last year. Now, HoL has been subdued and I no longer feel this weird pang when I think about it. I still identify with the person who cringed at the bits quoted by Achebe, but I also want to form my own opinions. I want to know instead of guess what the horror is. Which is not to say that people shouldnt decide to refrain from reading a writer for their own peace of mind. Im holding off reading Bret Easton Ellis, Jonathan Franzen, Ayn Rand, H.P. Lovecraft, Sophie Kinsella, and John Updike. I know that as of this moment, I cannot approach their works with any semblance of good faith, so Im holding off, at least for now. But when it comes the Heart of Darkness, I feel like Im slowly circling back into its orbitit was one of the novels nominated as our book club pick for July. It didnt win, but I actually voted for it. (In case this matters, the other nominations were A Passage To India and The Quiet American. The moderator clearly had a theme going on.) Im pretty sure Im going to tackle it in the near future. Theres more than a decade of reading that is buoying me up now, writers who actively push against unenlightened ideas about people of color. Im better equipped to articulate things that feel wrong even if theyre just art. And since I havent read Achebe yet except for his essays, I may just close the circle even more neatly and read them in tandem. Our Complicated Relationship with Racism in Books This is a guest post from Kristel Autencio. Kristel lives in Manila, Philippines and works as a technical writer for a startup. Shes an active member of a local book club and reads during her grueling commute to effectively ignore people. While her reading taste is varied, she has a particular affection for crime/mystery and speculative fiction. She is partial to Dorothy L. Sayers, Ray Bradbury and Dashiell Hammett, and is weak against unrepentant puns. She blogs here. Follow her on Twitter @fanarchism. ____________________ Sometimes books haunt you not because youve read them, but because you havent. The solution for this dilemma seems easy enoughwhy not get it over with and read it? But because books are books, thats not always easy. For a long time Ive never been able to entertain the idea of reading Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness. For a postcolonialism class during my first year in college, I was assigned an essay by Chinua Achebe titled An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads  Heart of Darkness. In it, Achebe systematically points out how Conrads prose depicts Africa as savage and prehistoric, to better contrast against Europes success in civilizing their environment. He quotes passages where unnamed inhabitants of the Congo are described in increasingly dehumanized ways, speaking in stereotypical broken English and explicitly called ugly. And so this essay was my very first experience of Joseph Conrad, snippets of prose that turned my stomach and filled me with unarticulated anger. The well has been poisoned, and despite being one of the shortest works in the Western Canon, Ive actively avoided reading it or any of his other works for more than ten years. My objections against reading it still stand: Why should I, a brown person living in a formerly colonized country, poison my mind further with a distorted image of other people of color and enforce within myself a colonialist vision of the world? As years came between me and my first visceral reaction to Heart of Darkness, however, my feelings about this book have become more complicated. One reason is a recent book discussion by my local book club. For March, we read Arundhati Roys The God of Small Things. The phrase the Heart of Darkness kept showing up in the prose, and the imagery of the river in the novel also seemed like an echo of the Congo River in the Conrad story. I found it very intriguing that a writer like Roy, a fierce critic of neo-colonialism, would reference this infamous book. It felt to me that she was grappling not only with Joseph Conrad, but also with Achebe. My long relationship with reading also means becoming fascinated with genres that admittedly have dubious tropes. Case in point: noir fiction, true crime, historical romance, even quaint Golden Age mysteries. Why should I blithely elide the racism in Arthur Conan Doyle or Agatha Christie (and they have some doozies) and choose Joseph Conrad as the scapegoat for every racist writing in Western literature? Another reason is the persistent feeling that this book has taken up a lot of intellectual space within me only because I havent read it. Its kind of the same feeling I got when I bailed out of Mark Z. Danielewskis The House of Leaves so many years ago. The haunting felt so present that I eventually decided to go back and scale the novel again last year. Now, HoL has been subdued and I no longer feel this weird pang when I think about it. I still identify with the person who cringed at the bits quoted by Achebe, but I also want to form my own opinions. I want to know instead of guess what the horror is. Which is not to say that people shouldnt decide to refrain from reading a writer for their own peace of mind. Im holding off reading Bret Easton Ellis, Jonathan Franzen, Ayn Rand, H.P. Lovecraft, Sophie Kinsella, and John Updike. I know that as of this moment, I cannot approach their works with any semblance of good faith, so Im holding off, at least for now. But when it comes the Heart of Darkness, I feel like Im slowly circling back into its orbitit was one of the novels nominated as our book club pick for July. It didnt win, but I actually voted for it. (In case this matters, the other nominations were A Passage To India and The Quiet American. The moderator clearly had a theme going on.) Im pretty sure Im going to tackle it in the near future. Theres more than a decade of reading that is buoying me up now, writers who actively push against unenlightened ideas about people of color. Im better equipped to articulate things that feel wrong even if theyre just art. And since I havent read Achebe yet except for his essays, I may just close the circle even more neatly and read them in tandem. ____________________ Book Riot Live is coming! Join us for a two-day event full of books, authors, and an all around good time. Its the convention for book lovers that weve always wanted to attend. So we are doing it ourselves.

Arguments Against Corporate Social Responsibility Free Essay Example, 2500 words

The paper tells that critics of CSR do not say that businesses should not take care to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the society, but they question whether actual obligations should be put on companies to do this. People fear that followers of CSR in top positions of companies will aim for improvements to better the world based on personal ideas of what they think a company should be and how it should run. This risks them spending the money of shareholders on improper actions, without thinking about what effect their spending will have on shareholders interests. Specialised companies also suffer if they follow CSR because they fail to put the right funding into making proper products at cheap prices for their customers. Of course, the main critic of CSR is from Milton Friedman, who famously said that businesses should only have one single aim in their sights: to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules o f the game, which is to say, engages in open and free competition, without deception or fraud . Friedman attacked theories that tried to expand corporate responsibilities beyond reasonable limits and criticised the absence of specific statements as to what CSR should actually consist of. This is not to say that Friedman thought that companies could act as they wished without any obligations to society. He did say that companies have a certain role which should not have activities which go beyond this role. He said, however, that, by observing the normal activities of companies within their natural role, one can see that businesses fulfill their societal obligations. The content of this normal role of businesses is based on the simple fact of making products and providing services at prices that people are able to pay. Therefore, Friedman said that expanding the role of corporations would prevent them from seeking their general role of competition in a capitalist structure. He said that it was not right to spend the money that did not belong to the corporation (because it belongs to the shareholders) which could cause the aims of the company to be confused, causing it to put profit below CSR aims. We will write a custom essay sample on Arguments Against Corporate Social Responsibility or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now

Rhetorical Analysis Of Is Google Making Us Stupid

Major Paper II:Rhetorical Analysis In the article, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid†, the main argument the author, Nicholas Carr is trying to make is to explain how the Internet becomes our only source of information. Carr is also trying to warn oncoming generations in how the Internet has affected our ability to read long pieces or to be able to retain information for a long period of time. Carr provides personal experience, imagery, and a professional analysis that is backed by research to hook the audience in and persuade them that in today’s society, the Internet is only causing problems rather than any solutions.Throughout the article Carr provides an abundant amount of rhetorical modes by giving examples and studies from different organizations . Carr gives an insight on the positive ways the Internet had influenced his life. The author s tone changes in paragraph 4 when Carr talks about how the Internet has altered his mind by crumbling away at how much he can concrete. When Carr states â€Å"For me, as for others, the Net is becoming a universal medium† in paragraph four the author provides his counter argument which is to warn the incoming generations the dangers of the Internet before his main argument. Which is that the Internet is making us stupid and is altering how we think, by doing this it allows Carr to spend the rest of the article refuting his main argument. In order to move along his argument the first thing Carr does is share a problem with theShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of The Article Is Google Making Us Stupid?1409 Words   |  6 PagesOzlem Kayar Dr. Seran Aktuna ENG101N-003 09 November 2015 Rhetorical Analysis Essay WHAT HAS GOOGLE DONE TO US? People are introduced to a new technological advancement almost everyday. Some of them make our lives easier; however, every good thing has a bad side. Some influential events may be causes of really adverse effects on the way of our lives. Without doubt, invention of the Internet is one of the most powerful events world-wide. Thanks to the Internet, lots of things such as communicationRead MoreEssay about Is Google Making Us Stupid948 Words   |  4 PagesSamantha Hammack Dr. Turner English 111-011 24 October 2012 Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† Nicholas G. Carr has written an abundance of articles about technology. Some of his work includes: Does It Matter? Information Technology and the Corrosion of Competitive Advantage, and The Big Switch: Rewiring the World, From Edison to Google. One of Carr’s achievements, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid,† smoothly persuades the reader to believe that the Internet is taking over theRead MoreThe Rhetorical Appeals : Is Google Making Us Stupid? Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this analysis is to examine the rhetorical appeals(ethos, etc.) of an argument presented by two different authors who have written about the subject of how technology is affecting our lives. In the article, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† by Nicholas Carr, he describes how over the years, using technology has evolved his way of thinking in a negative way. On the other hand, in the article â€Å"How technology has changed our parenting lives† by Christine Organ, she pro motes the use of technologyRead MoreIs Google Making Us Stupid?940 Words   |  4 PagesElizabeth Fitzgerald Professor Elizabeth Rogers English 302 September 13, 2015 Rhetorical Analysis Essay: â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† Nicholas Carr’s article on The Atlantic asks us to question what effect the Internet has on our brains. At the time this article was written, the Internet was becoming more and more apart of our daily routine as many find themselves using it for work purposes or simply for leisure. Carr, as a seemingly literary type himself, says, â€Å"Computers are changing the normalRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Essay818 Words   |  4 PagesLaila Lane Professor Katherine Gray English 1102 Rhetorical Analysis Todays young generation has been getting a lot of slack from older generations due to the amount technology they have. Those who have negative things to say about this generation sometimes say that theyre not as smart as the previous generations because of the new technology that is available. Literary critic at the San Francisco Chronicle, Cynthia Haven, argues that the young generation of today has actually writtenRead MoreQuestions On Writing An Essay Essay9089 Words   |  37 Pagesthey will be knowledgeable when it is time. Grading should be based on two things. One, the essay follows proper grammar and spelling rules. You should encourage the students to use a word processing program on their computer to prepare the report, making sure to use the spell check and the grammar check. And two, the student shows they have researched the subject and have identified with one of the parties. They should have also discussed two or three of the political issues on the agenda. Optional :Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesOthers 323 Managing Conflict 373 PART III GROUP SKILLS 438 8 Empowering and Delegating 439 9 Building Effective Teams and Teamwork 489 10 Leading Positive Change 533 PART IV SPECIFIC COMMUNICATION SKILLS 590 591 Supplement A Making Oral and Written Presentations Supplement B Conducting Interviews 619 Supplement C Conducting Meetings 651 Appendix I Glossary 673 Appendix II References 683 Name Index 705 Subject Index 709 Combined Index 713 iii This page intentionally left

REBT Free Essays

Began his career attempting to scientifically validate Fraud’s theory of depression. When the failed, he began researching a cognitive model of depression that results in his rejection and isolation from the psychiatric. Arnold Lazarus Grounded his work in cognitive and social learning theories, developed multimode therapy. We will write a custom essay sample on REBT or any similar topic only for you Order Now Which involves a multi faceted assessment and encourages technical eclecticism to effect change across all areas all areas of functioning and experience. When People Understand or have Insight into how they needlessly disturb themselves and create an unhealthy and dysfunctional feelings and behaviors, that insight often will help them change and make themselves less disturbed. But understanding and insight is not enough. In order to significantly change themselves, They almost always have to pinpoint their irrational philosophies work at changing them to more functional and self helping attitudes. Cognitive, Emotive-evocative and Behavioral. Ellis 2003- Rational emotive behavior therapy (REST) the first of the cognitive behavior therapies, and nowadays it continues to be a major cognitive behavioral approach. 0 REBUT has a great deal in common with the therapies that are oriented toward cognition and behavior as it also stresses thinking, Judging, deciding, analyzing, and doing. The basic assumption of REBUT is that people contribute to their own psychological problems, as well as to specific symptoms, by the rigid and extreme beliefs they hold about events and situations. REBUT is based on the assumption that cognitions, emotions, and behaviors interact significantly and have a reciprocal cause-and-effect relationship. Moreover REST’s basic hypothesis is that our emotions stem mainly from our beliefs, which influence the evaluations and interpretations however we make of the reactions we have to life situations. Through the therapeutic process, clients learn skills that give them the tools to identify and dispute irrational beliefs that have been acquired and self-constructed and are now maintained by self-indoctrination. In addition learn the process themselves how to replace such ineffective ways of thinking with effective and rational cognitions, and as a result they change their emotional reactions to situations. View of Human Nature Rational emotive behavior therapy is based on the assumption that human beings are born with a potential for both rational, or â€Å"straight,† thinking and irrational, or â€Å"crooked,† thinking. People have tendencies for self-preservation, happiness, hinging and verbalizing, loving, communion with others, and growth and self- actualization. They also have inclinations for self-destruction, avoidance of thought, procrastination, endless repetition of mistakes, superstition, intolerance, perfectionism and self-blame, and avoidance of actualization growth potentials. View of Emotional Disturbance Based on the premise that we learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood and then re-create these irrational beliefs throughout our lifetime. The therapeutic should be actively reinforce our sulfanilamide beliefs through the recesses of autosuggestion and self-repetition, and we then behave in ways that are consistent with these beliefs. Hence, it is largely our own repetition of early-indoctrinated irrational beliefs, rather than a parent’s repetition, that keeps dysfunctional attitudes alive and operative within us. In addition therapist teaches clients how to feel sad, but not depressed. â€Å"l must do well and win the approval of others for my performances or else I am no good. † â€Å"Other people must treat me considerately, fairly, kindly, and in exactly the way I want them to treat me. If they don’t, they are no good and they deserve to be condemned and punished. â€Å"l must get what I want, when I want it; and I must not get what I don’t want. If I don’t get what I want, it’s terrible, I can’t stand it, and life is no good for depriving me of what I must have. † A-B-C Framework The A-B-C framework is central to REBUT theory and practice. This model provides a useful tool for understanding the client’s feelings, thoughts, events, and behavior ( Wolfe, 2007) Assumption in Cognitive Therapy Fully acknowledging that we are largely responsible for creating our own emotional robbers. Accepting the concept that we have the ability to change these disturbances significantly Recognizing that our emotional problems largely stem from irrational beliefs Clearly observe beliefs Seeing the value of disputing such self-defeating beliefs Therapeutic Process According to Ellis (2001 b; Ellis Harper, 1997), we have a strong tendency not only to rate our acts and behaviors as â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad,† â€Å"worthy’ or â€Å"unworthy,† on the other hand likewise to rate ourselves as a total person on the basis of our performances. These marks found one of the main sources of our emotional assistances. As a result, most rational emotive behavior therapists have the general goal of teaching clients how to separate the evaluation of their behaviors from the evaluation of themselves their essence and their totality Pearce and how to accept themselves in spite of their imperfections. Therapist’s Function and Role The therapist has specific tasks, and the first step is to show clients how they have incorporated many irrational absolute â€Å"should,† â€Å"oughtn’t,† and â€Å"musts. Moreover somewhat dispute clients’ irrational beliefs and encourages clients to engage in activities that will counter their self-defeating beliefs and to replace their rigid â€Å"musts† with preferences. A second step in the therapeutic process is to validate how clients are keeping their emotional disturbances active by continuing to think illogically and unrealistically. In other words, bec ause clients keep re programming themselves and the client’s responsible for their own psychological problems. The Third Step helping clients modify their thinking and minimize their irrational ideas. Even though it is unlikely that we can entirely eliminate the tendency to think irrationally and reduce the frequency of such thinking. Lastly, step in the therapeutic process is to challenge clients to develop a rational philosophy of life so that in the future they can avoid becoming the victim of other irrational beliefs. Embark upon only specific problems or symptoms can give no assurance that new illogical fears will not emerge. REBUT focal point here-and-now experiences and clients’ present ability to change the patterns of thinking and emoting that they constructed earlier. The therapist does not apply much time to exploring clients’ early history and making inspections between their past and present behavior unless doing so will aid the therapeutic process. Nor does the therapist usually explore clients’ early relationships with their parents or siblings. Instead, the therapeutic process stresses to clients that they are presently disturbed because they still believe in and act upon their self- defeating view of themselves, other people, and the world. Cognitive Approaches Grounded on the idea that Psychological Disorder are characterized by dysfunctional thinking based on dysfunctional beliefs Usually incorporate a persuasive cognitive methodology in the therapeutic process. Demonstrate to clients in a quick and direct manner what it is that they are continuing to tell themselves. Teaches client’s how to deal with these self-statements so that they no longer believe them, encouraging them to acquire a philosophy based on reality. REBUT relies heavily on thinking, disputing, debating, challenging, interpreting, explaining, and teaching. Disputing Irrational beliefs ; Disputing irrational beliefs. The most common cognitive method of REBUT consists of the therapist actively disputing clients’ irrational beliefs and teaching them how to do this challenging on their own. Clients go over a particular â€Å"must,† absolute â€Å"should,† or â€Å"ought† until t hey no longer hold that irrational belief, or at least until it is diminished in strength. Doing cognitive homework Clients are expected to make lists of their problems, look for their absolutist beliefs, and dispute these beliefs. Functioning homework, clients are encouraged to put themselves in risk- taking situations that will allow them to challenge their selecting beliefs. Where in client with a talent for acting who is afraid to act in front of an audience because of fear of failure may be asked to take a small part in a stage play. Bibliographer Assigning clients readings that will be Motivating and Instructional for dealing with their presenting Problem. However Therapist/Counselor assign Self Help Books to Read and Also Suggest to Read a Inspiration Inspirational Literatures. Cinema Therapy – Similar to bibliographer, Cinema Therapy Involves assigning client to watch a movie that will speak to the problem issue. Labeling Cognition Philosophical questioning and direction questions, Some client find it helpful in identifying and label distorted thinking to reduce it sway on them. Counselor/Therapist will reinforce to help the client to practice labeling distorted hinging in session so that clients can transfer this skill to their everyday lives. Arbitrary inference: † Jumping to conclusions† Selective Abstraction: † Filtering out the Positive† Personalization: † All Boys are like that† Magnification and minimization: † Emphasizing the negative and Ignoring the positive†. Personalization: † Exaggerating one’s responsibility or misinterpreting neutral comments†. Dichotomous Thinking: â€Å"Black and White† Misleading: † Attaching an extreme or personalized label to a person or situation†. Mind Reading: † Assuming negative thoughts and intentions on the part of others†. How to cite REBT, Papers

Kosovo Essays (1210 words) - AlbaniaSerbia Relations, Kosovo War

Kosovo Kosovo U.S. Involvement in Kosovo War has been waged in the Balkans for thousands of years. Yugoslavia has been divided, reunited, divided again, undergone wars and been through depressions. Each country within the Yugoslavia region has experienced hardships due to a failing economy, poor leadership, and civil wars. In the past few years, a major upheaval in the political structure and the disputes concerning land between the different religions and ethnicity's has caused a civil war. The country and ethnic group of this recent dispute is Serbia and Kosovo. The Albanian Kosovars want their independence from Serbia, while the Serbs consider Kosovo the location in which their cultural and ethnic identity is placed. The United States became involved in the Balkan conflict in the end of 1998 (Kosovo 1). U.S. involvement in Kosovo is making matters worse for the innocent people of Kosovo. Kosovo, a small area in the center of the former Yugoslavia, is playing an important role in the Balkan conf lict. In the summer of 1998, the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) decided to launch a guerilla warfare attack on Serbia in attempts to liberate themselves and gain their cultural rites. The President of Serbia, Slobodan Milosevic, is refusing to allow Kosovo to break away from Serbia without a fight. Kosovo is a site of great emotional significance to the Serbs; it is the site of a historic defeat by the Ottoman Empire in the 14th century. From this defeat, Kosovo became the cradle of Serbia's cultural and ethnic identity. Milosevic began an ethnic cleansing campaign in which he killed thousands of ethnic Albanians. NATO forces, as well as the United States, began stepping in in the winter of 1998. The United States made a cease-fire contract with Milosevic, which ended in the early months of 1999 (1). The United States believes that it is benefiting Kosovo by intervening. Many diplomats are saying that U.S. involvement in Kosovo is helping the Albanians because it is stopping the ethni c cleansing by Milosevic. Another argument for U.S. involvement is that the air strikes against the Serbs will dampen their spirits and attacks against the Albanians. A third argument for U.S. involvement is that it will stop from drawing in other surrounding countries into the war. (1) The first argument for U.S. intervention is easily refuted. The U.S. diplomats believe that the U.S. is benefiting the situation in Kosovo by intervening. The US's main goal in Kosovo is to stop the ethnic cleansing conducted by Milosevic. The manner in which the U.S. is trying to resolve this conflict is wrong. The U.S. began bombing villages and towns in which ethnic Albanians live. This drove out the Albanians and forced them to immigrate to other countries. It seems that the United States believes that ethnic cleansing is wrong, but bombing innocent people is acceptable (Landlay 1). The Serbs are using the NATO air raids as a way to kill the ethnic Albanians. The Albanians are being used as shiel ds as the NATO forces bomb the Serbs. On one occasion, in the city of Kamena Glava, five hundred Albanian men were killed (Atrocity5). The Serbs are using NATO forces against what they are fighting for. U.S. involvement in Kosovo would be more welcomed if they weren't killing innocent people and instead, helping them come to a peaceful resolution between the two areas. However, the air strikes against Serbia are believed to be Clinton's goal for protecting U.S. investors and exporters. Although the humanitarian tragedies of Kosovo are in the foremost eye of the public, U.S. economic interests are in foremost eye of the government (Landlay 2). The second argument for U.S. intervention can also be refuted. Air strikes are proven to be ineffective in winning a war. This fact has been proven many times in other wars such as World War II and Vietnam. On the contrary, however, air strikes often stiffen the will to resist, as was the case in World War II with the German citizens. The Serbs , as history has predicted, have intensified their aggressions against the Kosovar Albanians. This has caused even more Albanians to flee from Kosovo. The Serbs spirits are far from becoming damp. If, once again, history prevails, Serbia,